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What is alcohol
Alcohol is a sedative hypnotic drug that depresses the central nervous system, making you feel more relaxed.
Most adults in the UK drink alcohol moderately and on a social basis and derive a lot of pleasure from doing so.
However, about one in five men and one in seven women regularly drink more than the Department of Health suggests is strictly safe for good health. This is up to two to three units of alcohol a day for women and up to three to four units of alcohol a day for men, to a maximum of 14 units a week for women and 21 units a week for men. A unit of alcohol is equivalent to half a pint of ordinary strength beer, a small glass of wine or a single pub measure of spirits.
The main effect is on the brain, which can result in:
The depressive effects of alcohol on normal brain function - especially those causing impaired judgement - are the main reasons its always best to avoid alcohol when driving and never to exceed the limit.
The liver may become progressively damaged through a condition known as cirrhosis, which may lead to liver failure, liver cancer and death.
The nervous system may be damaged at many levels. Damage to the brain can interfere with intellectual function, and increase the risk of anxiety and depression, confusion and dementia.
Damage to the peripheral nervous system can lead to loss of balance, impotence, numbness of the feet and hands, tremor and blindness.
Alcoholism is also implicated in diabetes, inflammation of the pancreas, internal bleeding, weakening of the heart, high blood pressure and stroke. Alcohol intake during pregnancy is harmful to an unborn baby.
Lets Drink to Your Health! (Nick Heather and Ian Robertson, 1996) - useful advice to enable people to change their drinking patterns; a drinking diary and tips for drinking less are included.
Alcoholism: The Facts (Donald W Goodwin, 2000) - a classic text on alcoholism. Written in a clear and lively style, the book is aimed at those who have alcohol problems and the people who share their lives.
Dying for a Drink: What You and Your Family Should Know About Alcoholism (Anderson Spickard and Barbara R. Thompson, 2005) - a self-help book for people who have alcohol problems and their families.
The Easyway to Control Alcohol (Allen Carr, 2009) - a self-help guide by best-selling author on addictions and how to overcome them.
Drinking: A Love Story (Caroline Knapp, 1997) - Knapp offers insights not only about alcoholism, but about life itself and how we learn to cope with it.
What is alcohol
Saturday, March 29, 2014
Alcohol is thought to be responsible for 34,000 deaths in the UK each year because of the damage it does to the body, plus many more deaths due to the indirect effect of alcohol on others.Alcohol is a sedative hypnotic drug that depresses the central nervous system, making you feel more relaxed.
Most adults in the UK drink alcohol moderately and on a social basis and derive a lot of pleasure from doing so.
However, about one in five men and one in seven women regularly drink more than the Department of Health suggests is strictly safe for good health. This is up to two to three units of alcohol a day for women and up to three to four units of alcohol a day for men, to a maximum of 14 units a week for women and 21 units a week for men. A unit of alcohol is equivalent to half a pint of ordinary strength beer, a small glass of wine or a single pub measure of spirits.
Short-term effects of alcohol
The short-term effects of alcohol are dependent on the amount consumed and can vary enormously from person to person and from one situation to another.The main effect is on the brain, which can result in:
- Slurred speech
- Loss of coordination
- Unsteadiness when standing or walking
- Impaired attention and judgement
- Loss of inhibition
- Sleep
The depressive effects of alcohol on normal brain function - especially those causing impaired judgement - are the main reasons its always best to avoid alcohol when driving and never to exceed the limit.
Long-term effects of alcohol
The cumulative effects of excessive alcohol consumption, especially when associated with a poor diet, affect every part of the body. The two main sites of damage are the liver and the nervous system.The liver may become progressively damaged through a condition known as cirrhosis, which may lead to liver failure, liver cancer and death.
The nervous system may be damaged at many levels. Damage to the brain can interfere with intellectual function, and increase the risk of anxiety and depression, confusion and dementia.
Damage to the peripheral nervous system can lead to loss of balance, impotence, numbness of the feet and hands, tremor and blindness.
Alcoholism is also implicated in diabetes, inflammation of the pancreas, internal bleeding, weakening of the heart, high blood pressure and stroke. Alcohol intake during pregnancy is harmful to an unborn baby.
Symptoms of alcohol addiction
When someone becomes dependent or addicted to alcohol, they:- Develop a strong sense of compulsion to drink
- May drink shortly after waking to reduce feelings of alcohol withdrawal
- Develop a reduced capacity to control how often and how much they use
- Organise their lifestyle around drinking
Books about alcohol and addiction
Alcoholics Anonymous - Big Book (AA Services, 2002) - a seminal book, originally published in the 1930s, for people who suffer from alcohol addiction and who want to stop drinking.Lets Drink to Your Health! (Nick Heather and Ian Robertson, 1996) - useful advice to enable people to change their drinking patterns; a drinking diary and tips for drinking less are included.
Alcoholism: The Facts (Donald W Goodwin, 2000) - a classic text on alcoholism. Written in a clear and lively style, the book is aimed at those who have alcohol problems and the people who share their lives.
Dying for a Drink: What You and Your Family Should Know About Alcoholism (Anderson Spickard and Barbara R. Thompson, 2005) - a self-help book for people who have alcohol problems and their families.
The Easyway to Control Alcohol (Allen Carr, 2009) - a self-help guide by best-selling author on addictions and how to overcome them.
Drinking: A Love Story (Caroline Knapp, 1997) - Knapp offers insights not only about alcoholism, but about life itself and how we learn to cope with it.
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