Showing posts with label resistance. Show all posts
Showing posts with label resistance. Show all posts
Is Insulin Resistance A Natural Defense Against Overnutrition
Tuesday, May 20, 2014
When we eat, we make glucose available to our cells for energy and other processes. Insulin helps that glucose enter our cells. But when cells reach a certain satiety point, insulins signaling ability lessens, possibly protecting the cell from an influx of too much glucose. This process may be at the root of insulin resistance.
A study that appeared in the February 21 issue of Nature described a link between the presence of glucose, fats, and other nutrients in the bloodstream ... and the action of an enzyme called O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT). When nutrient levels are high, OGT travels out of the cell nucleus to the cell membrane. There it works to dampen insulin signaling by attaching glucose-containing molecules to key proteins of the intercellular insulin signaling pathway.
Not surprisingly, the particular sugar molecule it attaches is called O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). And the amount of O-GlcNAc is related to how much glucose is in the bloodstream.
Knowing the specific enzymes and sugars involved in insulin resistance can lead to the development of specific drugs that target these molecules. This type of research can also help us to understand how overnutrition can bring about insulin resistance, a condition which often leads to diabetes.
Although drug therapy that targets these molecules may not be available for a while, diet therapy is available today. Learning how to feed our bodies just what they need, but not more than they need, can improve the action of insulin ... reducing the occurrence of insulin resistance and lowering the risk for type 2 diabetes.
________
For the study:
Phosphoinositide Signalling Links O-Glcnac Transferase To Insulin Resistance
News article (ScienceDaily):
Novel Link Between Excessive Nutrient Levels And Insulin Resistance Uncovered
A study that appeared in the February 21 issue of Nature described a link between the presence of glucose, fats, and other nutrients in the bloodstream ... and the action of an enzyme called O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT). When nutrient levels are high, OGT travels out of the cell nucleus to the cell membrane. There it works to dampen insulin signaling by attaching glucose-containing molecules to key proteins of the intercellular insulin signaling pathway.
Not surprisingly, the particular sugar molecule it attaches is called O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). And the amount of O-GlcNAc is related to how much glucose is in the bloodstream.
Knowing the specific enzymes and sugars involved in insulin resistance can lead to the development of specific drugs that target these molecules. This type of research can also help us to understand how overnutrition can bring about insulin resistance, a condition which often leads to diabetes.
Although drug therapy that targets these molecules may not be available for a while, diet therapy is available today. Learning how to feed our bodies just what they need, but not more than they need, can improve the action of insulin ... reducing the occurrence of insulin resistance and lowering the risk for type 2 diabetes.
For the study:
Phosphoinositide Signalling Links O-Glcnac Transferase To Insulin Resistance
News article (ScienceDaily):
Novel Link Between Excessive Nutrient Levels And Insulin Resistance Uncovered
Poor Sleep Quality Leads To Insulin Resistance
Monday, April 28, 2014
Researchers in Chicago found it is possible to induce a state of insulin resistance - with subsequent rises in blood glucose - in young, healthy, non-overweight subjects by simply disturbing their sleep.When volunteers entered a stage of sleep called deep non-rapid eye movement (NREM), also known as slow-wave sleep (SWS), researchers made noise, but not enough to wake them. After three days, the participants ability to regulate blood glucose declined by 25%.
This impaired glucose tolerance occurred even though the participants slept for 8.5 consecutive hours. It was the quality of their sleep, not the length, that determined their ability to manage blood glucose.
The research appeared in an online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) this month:
Slow-Wave Sleep And The Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes In Humans
Some news summaries:
Lack Of Deep Sleep May Increase Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes (Science Daily)
Sleep Disruptions May Up Diabetes Risk (Yahoo)
Is Cardio or Resistance Exercise Best for Weight Loss and Health
Friday, January 31, 2014
(Article first published as Choosing the Correct Exercise Workout for Weight Loss and Health on Technorati.)
It can be difficult to determine if your workout is sufficient to meet your health and weight loss goals. For many people, just making the effort to exercise for 20 minutes several days a week is good enough to provide them with basic fitness benefits. Others need a more rigorous aerobic training session to peak their heart rate and boost overall health.
Establish Your Training Goal
Everybody has different needs to optimize an exercise workout based on level of fitness and long term expectations. If weight loss is your goal, then it’s more important to extend the duration of your training session at a moderate intensity. Target 45 to 60 minute session 5 or 6 days per week, as this will kick start your fat burning metabolism and optimize your weight loss potential.
For those more interested in reducing risk from heart disease and improving overall health from their workout, experts recommend short burst resistance exercise routines. This type of exercise cross-trains the body in high intensity 2 minute intervals, incorporating 10 to 12 repetitions while covering all major muscle groups. Information provided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) outlines the essential elements your fitness routine should include, regardless of your personal goal.
Punch a Fitness Time Clock
CDC experts suggest that you’re engaged in some type of moderate level physical activity for 150 minutes each week or 75 minutes of more intense training. Moderate activities include brisk walking, mowing the lawn or cleaning the house, while jogging and running are examples of more intense activities.
Be sure to keep a record of your exercise sessions, as your training activities are cumulative. 150 minutes may sound like a lot, but when you break it down into 10 or 15 minute fitness chunks, you’ll find that the time goes by quickly. Spreading your exercise routine across multiple days and different times will also condition your body toward fat metabolism and weight loss.
Choose Cardio for Weight Loss
Cardio aerobic exercise gets you breathing harder and your heart beating faster. Not only does it provide protection from heart disease, but it increases metabolism, lowers blood sugar levels and assists in weight loss. If weight loss is your goal for training, its’ important to monitor your diet caully, especially when first starting to exercise, as the body will send an unconscious signal to eat more in an effort to compensate for your increased energy expenditure.
Resistance Training for Toning and Health
Resistance exercises such as those incorporating free weights, fitness bands or the body’s own weight are excellent for body shaping, toning and improving general health. The condition of our muscular system determines the nature of our health and longevity, especially as we age so it’s essential to incorporate resistance training to maintain muscle tone.
Understanding the importance of exercise in achieving your physical conditioning and weight loss goals is an important first step. Once you determine a desired result, you can develop a fitness program which is best suited to your needs. Choose cardio aerobic training to maximize weight loss, resistance training to improve overall health, or a combination of both. Whichever route you take, you’ll benefit from the health stimulating benefits of a properly designed fitness routine.
Establish Your Training Goal
Everybody has different needs to optimize an exercise workout based on level of fitness and long term expectations. If weight loss is your goal, then it’s more important to extend the duration of your training session at a moderate intensity. Target 45 to 60 minute session 5 or 6 days per week, as this will kick start your fat burning metabolism and optimize your weight loss potential.
For those more interested in reducing risk from heart disease and improving overall health from their workout, experts recommend short burst resistance exercise routines. This type of exercise cross-trains the body in high intensity 2 minute intervals, incorporating 10 to 12 repetitions while covering all major muscle groups. Information provided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) outlines the essential elements your fitness routine should include, regardless of your personal goal.
Punch a Fitness Time Clock
CDC experts suggest that you’re engaged in some type of moderate level physical activity for 150 minutes each week or 75 minutes of more intense training. Moderate activities include brisk walking, mowing the lawn or cleaning the house, while jogging and running are examples of more intense activities.
Be sure to keep a record of your exercise sessions, as your training activities are cumulative. 150 minutes may sound like a lot, but when you break it down into 10 or 15 minute fitness chunks, you’ll find that the time goes by quickly. Spreading your exercise routine across multiple days and different times will also condition your body toward fat metabolism and weight loss.
Choose Cardio for Weight Loss
Resistance Training for Toning and Health
Understanding the importance of exercise in achieving your physical conditioning and weight loss goals is an important first step. Once you determine a desired result, you can develop a fitness program which is best suited to your needs. Choose cardio aerobic training to maximize weight loss, resistance training to improve overall health, or a combination of both. Whichever route you take, you’ll benefit from the health stimulating benefits of a properly designed fitness routine.
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