Showing posts with label bladder. Show all posts
Showing posts with label bladder. Show all posts
Now bladder cancer can be detected by the smell of urine
Friday, April 18, 2014
Now, bladder cancer can be detected by the smell of urine - Scientists in the UK have created a tool that can smell a rat bladder cancer cells in human urine samples. This tool uses a sensor that can detect gaseous chemical substance produced by cancer cells.
Initial experiments indicate that this test provides accurate results. Approximately nine out of 10 trials prove successful detect bladder cancer in urine. However, the authors argue that further research is needed to make it more perfect and tools available in the community.
So far, researchers have been attracted by the smell to detect cancer as it proves there is a dog who can recognize the smell of cancer. Tool created by researchers from Liverpool University and the University of West England is able to detect the smell of cancer cells.
"This tool can read existing chemical gas in the urine when the sample is heated," said Professor Norman Ratcliffe, as reported by the BBC.
For the study, scientists used 98 urine samples from 24 men who had bladder cancer and 74 men with bladder problems but do not have cancer.
Initial experiments indicate that this test provides accurate results. Approximately nine out of 10 trials prove successful detect bladder cancer in urine. However, the authors argue that further research is needed to make it more perfect and tools available in the community.
So far, researchers have been attracted by the smell to detect cancer as it proves there is a dog who can recognize the smell of cancer. Tool created by researchers from Liverpool University and the University of West England is able to detect the smell of cancer cells.
"This tool can read existing chemical gas in the urine when the sample is heated," said Professor Norman Ratcliffe, as reported by the BBC.
For the study, scientists used 98 urine samples from 24 men who had bladder cancer and 74 men with bladder problems but do not have cancer.
Red meat increases risk for bladder cancer
Friday, March 14, 2014
Two components of red meat — dietary protein and dietary iron — may combine to form powerful carcinogens, N-nitroso compounds, which increase risk for bladder cancer. Moreover, individuals with reduced ability to reverse the effects of N-nitroso compounds because of a genetic variation in their RAD52 gene could be at particularly high risk.
Chelsea Catsburg, a doctoral student at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, presented these data at the 11th Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research, held here Oct. 16-19, 2012.
Dietary protein is made up of amino acids, which can be naturally metabolized into biogenic amines, according to Catsburg. Research has shown that the processing and storage of meat increases amine concentrations. When these amines are in the presence of nitrites, they generate nitrosamines, which have carcinogenic properties. In addition, heme iron, found in red meat, has been shown to increase the formation of nitrosamines from amines.
"Nitrosamine formation occurs predominantly in the stomach and intestines, so these exposures have been studied extensively in relation to gastric cancer and somewhat in relation to colorectal cancer," Catsburg said. "However, there is evidence that these reactions also take place in the bladder, particularly in the presence of infection."
Catsburg and colleagues had previously found that meat groups with high heme and high amine concentrations, such as salami and liver, increased risk for bladder cancer. In this study, they examined whether genetic variation in DNA repair enzymes, available to correct the damage caused by these endogenously formed carcinogens, modified these associations.
The researchers tested 627 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 27 genes involved in N-nitroso compound metabolism or DNA repair. They collected data from 355 bladder cancer cases and 409 controls in the Los Angeles Bladder Cancer Study.
"We found that a polymorphism in the RAD52 gene modified the effect of these exposures," Catsburg said. "This polymorphism is suspected to reduce the DNA repair activity of the RAD52 protein, and the association of these meat groups and bladder cancer risk was significantly higher in individuals with one or more copies of this polymorphism."
These results further support recommendations by the World Cancer Research Fund to limit red meat intake and to avoid processed meats to reduce risk for stomach and bowel cancer, according to the researchers.
"This study suggests that these exposures may also affect secondary organs such as the bladder," Catsburg said. "Individuals at risk for bladder cancer may wish to avoid intake of red and processed meats, especially if they have genetic polymorphisms that reduce DNA repair activity and make them more vulnerable to the effects of carcinogens."
Further replication of this study to support an association between heme and meat intake and the risk for bladder cancer is necessary, she added.
Potent cranberry juice cure a bladder infection
Saturday, January 11, 2014
Potent cranberry juice cure a bladder infection - A recent study revealed that cranberry juice can cure bladder infections. Extracts from the fruit can even make medical equipment free of bacteria.
Hundreds of patients had complications due to catheter use. The tools used to deliver fluids into the body and remove the urine causing bacteria and germs on the skin more easily enter the body and infect the tissues or blood.
Now, a recent study found that chemicals in cranberries can tame the bacteria thats harmless if used on the body. Not only that, cranberry juice can also prevent urinary tract infections up to 100 years.
"While the effect of cranberry in living organisms is still a subject that should be explored in more depth, but research shows that consumption of cranberry you can prevent chronic infection," said Nathalie Tufenkji professor from McGill University, Montreal, as reported by the Daily Mail.
Some studies reveal that cranberry works by preventing bacteria from sticking to the bladder wall. Now research suggests that cranberry powder can stop the bacteria that cause bladder infections to proliferate and move.
Hundreds of patients had complications due to catheter use. The tools used to deliver fluids into the body and remove the urine causing bacteria and germs on the skin more easily enter the body and infect the tissues or blood.
Now, a recent study found that chemicals in cranberries can tame the bacteria thats harmless if used on the body. Not only that, cranberry juice can also prevent urinary tract infections up to 100 years.
"While the effect of cranberry in living organisms is still a subject that should be explored in more depth, but research shows that consumption of cranberry you can prevent chronic infection," said Nathalie Tufenkji professor from McGill University, Montreal, as reported by the Daily Mail.
Some studies reveal that cranberry works by preventing bacteria from sticking to the bladder wall. Now research suggests that cranberry powder can stop the bacteria that cause bladder infections to proliferate and move.
Protection Against Bladder Cancer Offered By High Levels Of Vitamin D In Plasma
Friday, December 20, 2013
High levels of vitamin D are associated with protection against bladder cancer, according to a multidisciplinary study coordinated by molecular biologists and epidemiologists from the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), the conclusions of which are published in the Journal of National Cancer Institute (JNCI).
The study has been led by Núria Malats, head of the Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, and Francisco X. Real, from the Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, at the CNIO.
The authors of the study took blood samples from more than 2,000 individuals - including patients with bladder cancer and control subjects free from the disease - in 18 Spanish hospitals, making of this the largest study carried out to-date in this field. "We have seen that those subjects with the highest levels of 25(OH)D3, a stable form of vitamin D in the blood, are those who showed the lowest risk of suffering bladder cancer. These results indicate that high levels of this vitamin are associated with protection from the illness or, similarly, that low levels are associated with a higher risk of suffering from it", says Malats.
"We have also shown, using in vitro molecular analysis, that vitamin D regulates the expression of a protein - FGFR3 - that takes part in the development of bladder cancer", adds Real.
According to the study, this protective effect is more obvious in those patients with more aggressive cancers. "We observe that high levels of vitamin D diminish, above all, the risk of developing invasive bladder cancer with low levels of FGFR3; which is to say those cancers with the highest probability of metastizing", says André FS Amaral, first author of the study.
The research results suggest that an increase in the dietary or supplementary intake of this vitamin, or via a controlled increase in sun exposure, might be beneficial for the patient in terms of prevention and treatment.
MORE THAN 11,000 NEW CASES EACH YEAR IN SPAIN
Bladder cancer represents a serious public health problem in many countries, especially Spain, where 11,000 new cases are registered each year, one of the highest rates anywhere in the world. In fact, it is the fourth most frequent type of tumour among Spanish males, after prostate, lung and colorectal cancers.
Following diagnosis, patients are continually observed with different follow-up techniques, among them cystoscopy, which requires the introduction of a small camera via the urethra to observe the bladder lining.
This type of follow-up affects the patients quality of life and imposes heavy costs on healthcare authorities, thus further increasing the need to improve prevention strategies faced with this type of cancer.
Recent studies relate vitamin D levels with other types of cancer like breast or colon cancer. Despite this research, it is still not clearly understood which molecular routes are used by this vitamin to exercise its protective effect, or the role it plays in other types of tumours.
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