Showing posts with label increased. Show all posts
Showing posts with label increased. Show all posts
Moderate coffee consumption is not associated with increased CVD risk
Sunday, April 27, 2014
Coffee is one of the most extensively researched components in the diet. New studies are regularly being added to the already large body of scientific research, which overall suggests that moderate habitual coffee consumption is not associated with detrimental effects on cardiovascular health
Among recent studies, a new review paper1 highlights that for most healthy people, moderate coffee consumption is unlikely to adversely affect cardiovascular health. Furthermore a new paper2 concluded that higher green tea and coffee consumption is inversely associated with risk of CVD and stroke in the general population.
Considerable research has also been devoted to investigating associations between coffee consumption and key risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and elevated cholesterol. Most evidence suggests that regular moderate consumption of caffeinated coffee has no long-term effect on blood pressure and does not increase the risk of hypertension.
A recent study suggests that moderate consumption of paper-filtered coffee may have an unfavourable effect on plasma cholesterol3. The wider body of evidence indicates that the impact of coffee on cholesterol is dependent on the brewing method. Unfiltered coffee raises serum cholesterol levels whereas this is not the case with filter coffee because the cholesterol-raising compounds in coffee are retained in the paper filter.
Throughout 2013 coffee and mortality has been a subject of several scientific research papers, which have produced conflicting results. One study4 found a 21% increase in mortality rate in those drinking more than 28 cups of coffee a week. However recent data from a meta-analysis and systematic review5 assessed 23 studies and concluded that coffee consumption is, in fact, inversely related to the risk of mortality.
###
More information about this research is available at http://www.coffeeandhealth.org/coffee-and-health-topics/coffee-consumption-and-cardiovascular-health-2/the-latest-research-on-coffee-and-cardiovascular-health/.
References
1 Rebello S.A. & van Dam R.M. (2013) Coffee Consumption and Cardiovascular Health: Getting to the Heart of the Matter. Current Cardiology Reports, 15:403.
2 Kokubo Y. et al. (2013) The Impact of Green Tea and Coffee Consumption on the Reduced Risk of Stroke Incidence in Japanese Population: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Study Cohort. Stroke, published online ahead of print.
3 Correa T.A.F. et al. (2013) Paper filtered coffee increases cholesterol and inflammation biomarkers independent of roasting degree. Nutrition, 29(7-8):977-81.
4 Liu J. et al. (2013) Association of coffee consumtpion with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, published online ahead of print.
5 Malerba S. et al. (2013) A meta-analysis of prospective studies of coffee consumtpion and mortality for all causes, cancers and cardiovascular disease. European Journal of Epidemiology, 28(7):527-539.
Lower Body Weight as we Age Linked to Increased Alzheimer’s Disease Risk
Wednesday, April 16, 2014
Many lifestyle factors are associated with the development of the memory-robbing form of dementia known as Alzheimer’s disease. Smoking, diet, lack of exercise and poor B-vitamin status all contribute to the sixth most prevalent cause of death each year in the US. Past studies have shown that excess weight in mid-life increases the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.
Evidence published in the journal Neurology finds that low body weight (as measured by Body Mass Index or BMI) is a strong predictor for those at risk of developing this most devastating form of dementia. Proper weight management at all stages of life is critical to lower the risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease.
Underweight during Advancing Years Associated with Increased Alzheimer’s Disease Risk
Natural health followers have long known that excess abdominal fat and obesity are critical factors that promote an unhealthy cascade of metabolic reactions that lead to cognitive decline and eventually, Alzheimer’s disease. The result of a new study explains the delicate relationship between body weight and dementia risk, as advancing years and a lower BMI are show to significantly increase risk for future development and progression of the disease.
Researchers examined 506 people with advanced brain imaging techniques and analyses of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to look for biomarkers associated with Alzheimers disease. Many biochemical markers are known to be present years before the first symptoms begin. The group was comprised of people with no memory problems, people with mild cognitive impairment, or mild memory problems, and people with a diagnosis of Alzheimers disease.
Study Finds Direct Link between Low BMI and Amyloid Brain Plaque Formation
After testing body weight and reviewing the results of CSF and brain imaging tests, scientists found that in people with no memory or thinking problems and in people with mild cognitive impairment, those who had the Alzheimers biomarkers were also more likely to have a lower BMI than those who did not have the biomarkers. Dr. Jeffrey Burns, the study leader noted, “85 percent of the people with mild cognitive impairment who had a BMI below 25 had signs of the beta-amyloid plaques in their brains that are a hallmark of the disease, compared to 48 percent of those with mild cognitive impairment who were overweight.”
Researchers conducting the study determined that low body weight and advanced age may result in damage to an area of the brain called the hypothalamus that plays a role in regulating energy metabolism and food intake. Dr. Burns concluded “These results suggest Alzheimers disease brain changes are associated with systemic metabolic changes in the very earliest phases of the disease.” The information provided by this study underscore the importance of maintain a healthy body weight (for most people measured with a BMI range of 20 to 25) throughout life and advancing years to lower the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.
Abdominal Fat Linked to Increased Risk of Alzheimer’s and Heart Disease
Similar research reported in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that even small increases in body weight during midlife significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Both studies conclude you can dramatically lower your risk of heart disease and many forms of dementia by controlling excess weight and participating in regular exercise.
Overweight and Obese Linked to 80% Higher Risk of Dementia
The study determined that participants classified as overweight (BMI range of 25 to 30) and obese (BMI above 30) at midlife had an 80% increased risk of developing dementia, Alzheimer`s disease or vascular dementia (typically caused by mini strokes) compared to those with normal BMI. The researchers found that the study results confirm the growing body of evidence that controlling or reducing body weight in midlife can significantly reduce risk of dementia. The study author, Dr. Weili Xu concluded “This suggests that early life environmental factors and genetic factors may contribute to the link between midlife overweight and dementia.”
Excess Abdominal Fat Increases Risk of Developing Heart Disease by 50%
Researchers found that visceral fat is metabolically active and causes a storm of chemical messengers that fan the flames of systemic inflammation. White abdominal fat stores promote detrimental changes in healthy lipid ratios, blood pressure and blood sugar. Fat stored in other areas of the body such as the legs and buttocks don`t show a significant increase in risk from heart disease.
Extensive research has concluded the negative health consequences of excess body weight. Increased risk of dementia and heart disease can be added to the list of diseases including diabetes, stroke, kidney disease and respiratory conditions. In addition to controlling weight in early and midlife, it is important to limit calories from sugar (including high fructose corn syrup) and wheat food items to discourage fat accumulation around the midsection.
Study confirms link between omega 3 fatty acids and increased prostate cancer risk
Saturday, March 15, 2014
Consumption of fatty fish and fish-oil supplements linked to 71 percent higher risk
A second large, prospective study by scientists at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center has confirmed the link between high blood concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids and an increased risk of prostate cancer.
Published July 11 in the online edition of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, the latest findings indicate that high concentrations of EPA, DPA and DHA – the three anti-inflammatory and metabolically related fatty acids derived from fatty fish and fish-oil supplements – are associated with a 71 percent increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer. The study also found a 44 percent increase in the risk of low-grade prostate cancer and an overall 43 percent increase in risk for all prostate cancers.
The increase in risk for high-grade prostate cancer is important because those tumors are more likely to be fatal.
The findings confirm a 2011 study published by the same Fred Hutch scientific team that reported a similar link between high blood concentrations of DHA and a more than doubling of the risk for developing high-grade prostate cancer. The latest study also confirms results from a large European study.
"The consistency of these findings suggests that these fatty acids are involved in prostate tumorigenesis and recommendations to increase long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake, in particular through supplementation, should consider its potential risks," the authors wrote.
"Weve shown once again that use of nutritional supplements may be harmful," said Alan Kristal, Dr.P.H., the papers senior author and member of the Fred Hutch Public Health Sciences Division. Kristal also noted a recent analysis published in the Journal of the American Medical Association that questioned the benefit of omega-3 supplementation for cardiovascular diseases. The analysis, which combined the data from 20 studies, found no reduction in all-cause mortality, heart attacks or strokes.
"Whats important is that we have been able to replicate our findings from 2011 and we have confirmed that marine omega-3 fatty acids play a role in prostate cancer occurrence," said corresponding author Theodore Brasky, Ph.D., a research assistant professor at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center who was a postdoctoral trainee at Fred Hutch when the research was conducted. "Its important to note, however, that these results do not address the question of whether omega-3s play a detrimental role in prostate cancer prognosis," he said.
Kristal said the findings in both Fred Hutch studies were surprising because omega-3 fatty acids are believed to have a host of positive health effects based on their anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammation plays a role in the development and growth of many cancers.
It is unclear from this study why high levels of omega-3 fatty acids would increase prostate cancer risk, according to the authors, however the replication of this finding in two large studies indicates the need for further research into possible mechanisms. One potentially harmful effect of omega-3 fatty acids is their conversion into compounds that can cause damage to cells and DNA, and their role in immunosuppression. Whether these effects impact cancer risk is not known.
The difference in blood concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids between the lowest and highest risk groups was about 2.5 percentage points (3.2 percent vs. 5.7 percent), which is somewhat larger than the effect of eating salmon twice a week, Kristal said.
The current study analyzed data and specimens collected from men who participated in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT), a large randomized, placebo-controlled trial to test whether selenium and vitamin E, either alone or combined, reduced prostate cancer risk. That study showed no benefit from selenium intake and an increase in prostate cancers in men who took vitamin E.
The group included in the this analysis consisted of 834 men who had been diagnosed with incident, primary prostate cancers (156 were high-grade cancer) along with a comparison group of 1,393 men selected randomly from the 35,500 participants in SELECT.
Diabetic Patients at Increased Risk for Infection
Tuesday, February 18, 2014
Infections are difficult to manage for a healthy person, let alone someone with diabetes. Illness can cause blood glucose levels to rise and makes managing those levels even more challenging.Now a study set to appear in the August 1 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases adds to the reservoir of clinical data supporting the notion that people with diabetes get sick more often than people without the disease.
The study found that people with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes had a greater risk for infection (specifically of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, and skin and mucous membranes) than people without diabetes.
The lead author of the study, Leonie Muller, advises physicians to "be aware of the fact that diabetes patients have an increased risk of common infections." She recommends that people with diabetes take preventative measures such as getting the flu vaccine, drinking plenty of fluids, and not hesitating to contact a physician at the earliest sign of an infection.
For a summary of the study:
Study Shows Increased Risk of Common Infections in Diabetic Patients
For the study itself (abstract only, subscription required for full article):
Increased Risk of Common Infections in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
